The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between the self-esteem, needs satisfaction and the psychological well-being of prisoners. The study employed the correlation survey design method to solicit information from respondents who are prisoners in the James Camp Prison in Accra. The random sampling technique was used to select 155 male prisoners from an estimated population of 347. The findings revealed the following; a significant positive correlation exists between self-esteem, needs satisfaction and psychological well-being among inmates. The length of prison sentence has no effect on prisoners' psychological well-being; there was no significant effect of visits by family and friends on prisoners' psychological well-being. It is, therefore, recommended that, counselling should be strengthened in the prisons to help reduce the psychological effects of imprisonment on inmates.