Agriculture plays a vital role in India's economy. The Indian agriculture system began as early as 9000 BC. The domestication of plants and animals are reported in the subcontinent by 9000 BC. The farm sector is contributing greatly to the productivity and stability of the country's economy due to which it has been believed that agricultural prosperity is fundamental to national prosperity. The conception of agriculture, however, has been greatly changed during the past fifty years due to the progress in the technique of agriculture system. The question of the history of agriculture is of extreme interest for the insight that it gives us into human cultural processes, into the location of centers of early economic and intellectual advance, and the diffusion of influences as measured by the spread of useful plants. The object of the study is to understand the past life of humanity and also to understand the condition of farmer and agriculture of present life of the times of which we ourselves are a part.