Meliponiculture is the scientific keeping and managing of stingless bees. It is widely known as "dammer bees (or) dammar bees" (dammar = resin formed among the dipterocarp trees). It is highly diverse and abundant group of eusocial bees that occupy the Tropical and Subtropical parts of the world, originated from Africa. More than 500 species of stingless bees in worldwide belonging to 18 genera. Trigona is the most widely disturbed genus, which includes 130 species and under 10 sub- genera and Melipona consists of 50 species. Eight species of stingless bees are known from the Indian Sub - Continent: Lepidotrigona arcifera (Cockerell), Lisotrigona cacciae (Nurse), L. mohandasi (Jobiraj and Narendra), Tetragonula aff. laveiceps (Smith), T. bengalensis (Cameron), T. gressitti (Sakagmi), T. iridipennis (Smith), T. praeterita (Walker) and T. ruficormis (Smith). Nests of stingless bee mostly found on cavities tree trunk, old walls, inside the termite mound and subterranean cavities. Nests are built using wax secreted from the metastomal terga, mixed with plant resin and gums. A variety of crops are pollinated by stingless bee viz., guava, mango, citrus, cucumber and sunflower etc. It is effectively used for green house pollination because of their limited foraging distance and foraging activity of T. iridipennis peak time is 10.00 am to 12.00 pm. In India, the dry fruit mite, Carphoglyphus lactis infestation on T. iridipennis colonies and also parasitic mites (Pyemotes sp.) affect the colonies. Propolis of stingless bee has wide spectrum of pharmacological properties such as antibacterial, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti - herpes, antiulcer, antihypertensive and anticancer activity.