A Plum (Prunus domestica L.) is a species of flowering plant in the family Rosaceae, it is one of the most important export crops in Palestine. We analyzed the mean annual temperature and precipitation using data from one weather station of the Palestine Meteorological Department, recorded in the period from 1993-2012 (19 years), with the same years plant production (rain-fed) from the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS). Statistical tests included a bioclimatic analysis of Palestinian meteorological station for the period previous by using bioclimatic classification of the Earth of Rivas Martinez Salvador, with regard to simple continentaly index, compensated thermicity index, annual ombrothermic index, water deficit and soil water reserve. In concluded, both climatic and bioclimatic factors play a very important role in plant biology, in the production, sustainability of crop yield and lead to an increase in economy in Jerusalem, when we applied a principal component analysis (PCA), observed that the type plots were located at the right of axis 1 during (1997-2002 and 2002-2007) affected by the bioclimate factor as annual ombrothermic index and simple thermicity index, and climate factors as precipitation during (1993-1997) in Jerusalem, while type plots were located at the left axis 1 during and during (1997-2002) influenced by mean monthly temperature, deficit water and water soil reserve in Jerusalem. Furthermore, in the inframediterranean to thermomediterranean environments, the optimum for the production of plum is achieved with values of annual ombrothermic index (2-4), simple continentaly index value between 15 to 22, and compensated thermicity index from 350 -450 in Jerusalem.