Space-time relationships are important characteristics of our living space including its natural, social and technical subsystems. Basing on the analysis of theoretical works of sociologists and anthropologists including some international research projects the author came to the following conclusions. First, each type of the mode of production has its own tempo-rhythm. Second, the cosmic space including the biosphere of our planet is featured by a variety of tempo-rhythms as their integral parts. Third, in the course of transition from one mode of production to another one their tempo-rhythms are sharply changed. Fourth, in the run of such shifts some societies are developing, others are stagnating, still others are degrading. Fifth, under conditions of the Fourth Scientific and Technological revolution (hereafter the STR-4) and the development of new information-communication systems our world-system is becoming a complex socio biotechical system (hereafter the SBT-system) with its own tempo-rhythm. Sixth, its space-time relationships require an interdisciplinary approach for an analysis of such complex systems. Seventh, a researcher of them should keep in mind that the SBT-system of various scale are not only interact with each other but generate a metabolic processes of mutual transformation. Eighth, in this respect the humanities have to learn to investigate such qualitative transformations. Ninth, the world megalopolises' space-time transformations present a challenge for joint efforts of interdisciplinary teams. Tenth, a careful study of an interregnum between the modernity and post modernity is needed. Eleventh, modern sociology should be more aimed at the rank-and-file needs and therefore humanistic-oriented.