The values of the erythrocytes osmotic fragility (EOF) test are easily influenced by physiological and environmental conditions surounding during blood collection, and red blood cells (RBCs) preparation and incubation. Therefore, the aim of our study was to determine the influence of anticoagulant (EDTA and heparin), temperature, pH, storage time, age, sex, season, hydrogen peroxide and vitamins C and E, on EOF in dromedary camel. The results showed an increased EOF by EDTA, storage time, cold, heat, acidity and hydrogen peroxide. In addition, this EOF was influenced by age, sex, season and vitamins. As conclusion, the quality of the OF test may easily be influenced by several biological, environmental and technical factors which must be determined and mentioned in each analysis of EOF profile in camel. These factors induced damage to RBCs cell membrane and may disturb the results of other blood analyses such as measurements of various hematological and biochemical parameters in camel.