Air drilling is widely used because of its ability to reduce costs and time used in achieving particular outputs. The compressors used today are larger with higher volumes and pressures than before. Equipment required for air drilling are not many and they include a transfer pump, a mud pump and 1, 500 water storage barrels. The equipment's major roles are to meet the expected pressure requirements. The first step in air drilling is to unload and dry the hole by running the drill string to the bottom after which the operator starts to drill using air mist. After cleaning the hole, air misting is completed and Kelly broken off before pouring15 gallons of soap and 3 barrels of water into the drill pipe. Air drilling is not without its challenges. The use of out-of-gauge bits can pose quite a challenge and is corrected by selecting a suitable bit. Drill pipe erosion can also be a challenge that is found in the joint metal and hard band which affects the drill's joint life time. The stability properties and stability behavior of the conventional fluid can bring about uncontrollable parameters. Cutting size and concentration are some of the uncontrollable parameters while the rate of penetration is one of the controllable parameters. Zones with low permeability, formation with lost-circulation, water shortages and formations that are water sensitive are the best sites for air drilling. The difference between mud and air drilling is the circulating medium which has an effect on deformation. There has been development in the area of air drilling over years necessitated by challenges faced in the drilling operations. A good example of technology being used today is the EM MWD, which has been used to facilitate transmissions, which has increased the depths to up 20,000 feet. Technology continues to improve as years go by.