Analgesic and Wound Healing Effect of Methanolic Leaves Extract of Pennisetum Pedicellatum in Wistar Albino Rat
Ukwuani-Kwaja A.N.1,Dalhatu R.1,Senchi T.J.1,Nuhu U.D.1*
Citation : Ukwuani-Kwaja A.N.,Dalhatu R.,Senchi T.J.,Nuhu U.D., Analgesic and Wound Healing Effect of Methanolic Leaves Extract of Pennisetum Pedicellatum in Wistar Albino Rat International Journal of Medicinal Plants and Natural Products 2018 ,4(1) : 13-18
Pennisetum pedicellatum is an aggressive weed, used for treatment of wounds, pain related condition, eye and parasitic infections among the traditional healers in Kebbi State, Nigeria. This study was undertaken to validate the analgesic and wound healing effect of P. pedicellatum using tail flick method and excision wound models respectively in wistar albino rats. The result revealed that, methanolic leaves extract of P. pedicellatum and standard drug Aspirin exhibited significant (p<0.001) increase in pain reaction time (PRT) when compared with the control group. P. pedicellatum leave extract (PPLE) (200 -400mg/Kg) demonstrated no significance (p>0.05) in PRT when compared with Aspirin treated group. The wound contraction effect of PPLE ointments was significantly increased when 10% (P<0.05)and 50% w/w(P<0.001) from the 4th to 16th day of application. However, percentage (%) wound contraction on 16 th day was highest in rats treated with 50%v/v PPLE (100%) > Penicillin (98.7%) > 10% PPLE (92.3%) > control > (85.7%) and Base (82.3%) respectively. Epithelialization period was significantly (P< 0.05) decreased in Penicillin and PPLE treated groups compared with the control group. Phytochemical screening of PPLE revealed the presence of phenols, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, anthraquinones and cardiac glycosides. In conclusion, PPLE exhibited analgesic and wound healing activity which was comparable to the standard drug Aspirin and penicillin respectively. This validates the folkoric medicinal use of this plant by the indigenous people of Kebbi State.