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  DOI Prefix   10.20431


 

International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences
Volume 5, Issue 1, 2017, Page No: 41-45
doi:dx.doi.org/10.20431/2349-0365.0501005

Detection of Escherichia coli Strains Producing AmpC Enzymes using Ceftazidime-Imipenem Antagonism Test (CIAT)

Ejikeugwu Chika1*, Duru Carissa2, Iroha Ifeanyichukwu1, Oguejiofor Benigna1, Okoro Loveday3, Ugwu Malachy2

1.Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria.
2.Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
3.Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna state, Nigeria

Citation :Ejikeugwu Chika, Detection of Escherichia coli Strains Producing AmpC Enzymes using Ceftazidime-Imipenem Antagonism Test (CIAT) International Journal of Research Studies in Biosciences 2017,5(1) : 41-45

Abstract

Effective monitoring of the development and spread of antimicrobial resistant bacteria including AmpC producing Escherichia coli in abattoir is critical to the containment of disease outbreak due to these microbes. The colonization of slaughtered farm animals with E.coli producing AmpC enzymes and other antibiotic resistant genes portend serious public health implications for the general public - since these organisms are multidrug resistant, and thus remain active even in the face of potent antimicrobial onslaught. This study evaluated the occurrence of AmpC-producing E.coli from abattoir. The isolation of E.coli was done using standard microbiological methods on MacConkey agar and eosin methylene blue (EMB) agar plates; and antimicrobial susceptibility test was done on Mueller Hinton (MH) agar plates using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion techniques as per the clinical laboratory standard institute (CLSI) criteria. Screening for the presence of AmpC enzymes in the test isolates was done using a modified double disk approximation method while AmpC enzyme production was phenotypically confirmed using the ceftazidime-imipenem antagonism test (CIAT). A total of 10 (32.3 %) E.coli isolates was bacteriologically recovered from thirty one (31) anal swab samples from abattoir. The E.coli isolates showed reduced susceptibility to ertapenem, amikacin, ceftriaxone, imipenem, gentamicin, cefotaxime, meropenem and cefoxitin. In particular, oxacillin had no inhibitory activity against the isolated E. coli isolates. Ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and ceftazidime showed appreciable inhibitory activity against the E.coli isolates. AmpC enzyme was phenotypically confirmed in 6 (60 %) E.coli isolates from abattoir. The findings from this study suggested that animals could function as reservoirs of antibiotic resistant bacteria. It is thus vital to monitor and control the use of antimicrobial agents in the community in order to forestall the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistant bacteria in the environment.


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